HORTATORY EXPOSITION

Standard Competence :

•       Understanding the meaning of short functional text and simple monologue and dialogue in the form of narrative ,report, spoof ,analytical exposition, and hortatory exposition in daily life.

•       Expressing the meaning of transactional and interpersonal dialogue and monologue in daily life

•       Understanding the meaning of short functional text and simple essay in the form of narrative, report, spoof, analytical exposition, and hortatory exposition in daily life

•       Expressing the meaning short functional text  and simple essay in the form of narrative , report, spoof, analytical exposition, and  hortatory exposition in daily life

Basic Competence :

•       Responding to a hortatory exposition text

•       Expressing a hortatory exposition text

•       Reading a hortatory exposition text

•       Writing a hortatory exposition text

Indicators :

•          Brainstorm the ideas

•          Get specific information from the hortatory exposition text

•          Write a hortatory exposition text with well and correct generic structure

Definition : 

            Hortatory exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is intended to persuade the listeners or readers that something should or should not happen or be done.

            Hortatory is similar to analytical exposition but if we have to differentiate both from one to each other, we have one useful tool by making analysis on the generic structure. What makes hortatory different from analytical exposition is the last finalizing step which analytical exposition is ended by a reiteration while hortatory is finalized by certain a recommendation. 

Social Function :

            To persuade the reader or listener that something should or should not be the case

Language Feature of Hortatory Exposition Text :

1)    Focusing on the writer

2)   Using action verb

3)   Using modal adverb; certainly, surely, etc

4)   Using temporal connective; firstly, secondly, however, therefore, etc)

5)   Using evaluative words; important, valuable, trustworthy, etc

6)   Using passive voice

7)   Using simple present tense

8)   The use of modals and adverbs (e.g. may, must, should, etc)

9)   The use of emotive words (e.g. worried, alarmed etc)

10) The use of words that qualify statements (e.g. usual, probably etc)

11)  The use of subjective opinions using pronouns I and we

Generic Structure of Hortatory Exposition Text :

1)    Thesis : Statement or announcement of issue concern

2)   Arguments : Reasons for concern that will lead to recommendation

3)   Recommendation : Statement of what should or should not happen or be done based on the given arguments

Example of Hortatory Exposition Text

Mobile Phones Should Not be Banned in School [Tittle]

            Mobile phones is not used just for calling, but sending text, taking pictures, accessing internet, and much more. Many students bring their phones to school. For them, mobile phone has many uses. So, mobile phones should not be banned in school. Why do I said that? [Thesis]

       Firstly, students call their parents for other needs. By mobile phone, student can call or their close relative if they need something to be brought to school. In addition, mobile phone can be used to call their children when one of their family were hit by disasters suddenly. And then, student can called their parent to pick her up when want to go home. [Arguments]

       Secondly, increased of knowledge among students. When trying to find answer of difficult task at school, mobile phone can be used as a connecting to search the answer through GPRS or WiFi networks. [Arguments]

       Finally, expand the network of friendship among students. School is the right place to find friend. Average, student been at school about 7 hours or more. So that, a lot of students found their friend in the school environment . Therefore, communication between friends should be kept on of which using a mobile phone. [Arguments]

       So, I think mobile phone should not be banned in school. But, use your phone in the time and right place so that no one was disturbed. [Recommendation]

Expressing of Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction

Standard Competency :

Expressing the meaning within the formal and sustained transactional and interpersonal in the context of daily life.

Basic Competency :

Understand transactional discourse and dialogue leading to varieties of interpersonal meaning and / or oral monologue in the forms of analytical exposition and hortatory exposition

Definition :

-  Expressing Satisfaction: expressing good feeling; sense of comfort or happiness.

-   Expressing Dissatisfaction: expressing lack of satisfaction.

Expressing Satisfaction :

Ø   It is with great pleasure that...!

Ø  It gives me great satisfaction..

Ø  I'm very pleased with it

Ø  A most delightful example of..

Ø  What a beautiful story!

Ø  Great, love it.

Ø  I'm content with.

Ø  I'm satisfied with it.

Ø   I'm completely satisfied with what you've done for me.

Ø  It was satisfactory.

Ø   Everything was just fine.

Ø  I'm happy enough with it.

Ø  Good enough.

Ø  Good job.

Ø  I’m satisfied with ….

Ø  I am very happy.

Ø  I like it.

Ø  I enjoy it very much.

Expressing Dissatisfaction:

Ø  It is disappointing that.!

Ø  It is unacceptable

Ø  This is the limit I won't take any more of...

Ø  Well, this is most unsatisfactory.

Ø  The concert is so boring.

Ø  What an awful meeting

Ø  It's not as good as I thought.

Ø  It isn’t very nice.

Ø  It’s really not good enough.

Ø  I’m dissatisfied by ….

Ø  It’s dissatisfying.

Ø  Oh no.

Ø  I am a little dissatisfied with the service here.

Ø  I am a bit disappointed with the program.

Ø  The food was lousy.

Example :

            Expressing Satisfaction :

Ø  I’m satisfied with the exam  result of my students.

Ø   The good news is satisfying.

Ø   The results of yours test are satisfactory.

Ø   Your success will be a great satisfaction to your parents.

Expressing Dissatisfaction

Ø  The bad news dissatisfied me.

Ø   The workers were dissatisfied with their salaries.

Ø   The preparation for the basket ball competition is dissatisfying.

Ø   It is really a dissatisfying preparation.

Ø  Nothing satisfied him. He is always complaining.

GRANTING REQUEST

DEFINITION :

•Granting come from the word grant in which grant is to give or allow someone, usually in an official

way.

•And request is use to ask for something politely officially 

So, Granting Request is an action to give an allowance to someone to grant her/his request who ask

for something politely in an official way.

Expressing Of Granting Request :

Requesting :

•Would it be possible for you to…

•Would you be so kindas to…

•Would you…,please?

•Would you mind …?

•Any chance of…

•Can you…?

•Would you like to…

•Do you mind if I ask you to…

•Could I leave the meeting   now?

•May I go to..

•Excuse me, may I…

Granting Requests :

•Of course

•OK

•Sure, you can

•Ok,no problem

•Certainly not

•Why not? You can..

•Yes, you may..

•Ok, here you are

•I’d happy to

•Not at all

•Right away

•Alright

Example Dialog of Granting Request :

Jimmy  : Jessica, Can you do me a favour? (Requesting)

Jessica : Sure, I will Jimmy. (Granting Request)

Jimmy   : Could you please pass me a Chemistry notes       now? (Requesting)  

Jessica : OK. Here it is Jimmy (Granting Request)

Jimmy   : Thanks a lot Jessica.

         Jessica : Yeah, you’re welcome.

GIVING ADVICE

Ø  There are a number of formulas used when Giving Advice in English. Here are some of the most common:

•      I don't think you should work so hard.

•      You ought to work less.

•      You ought not to work so hard.

•      If I were you, I'd work less.

•      If I were in your position, I'd work less.

•      If I were in your shoes, I'd work less.

•      You had better work less.

•      You shouldn't work so hard.

•      Whatever you do, don't work so hard.

- To do something

•      a. I think you’d better …..

•      b. If I were you, I’d ….

•      c. It would probably be a good idea ….. .

•      d. Take my advice and …. .

•      e. I advice you to ….. .

•      f. How about …… ?

- Not to do something

•      a. I don’t think you should ….

•      b. I would not …, If I were you.

•      c. You’d better not …

Using imperatives to give advice

We can use imperative verbs + '-ing' to give advice. Let's look at some more :

•      Start going to the gym.

•      Stop drinking so much coke.

•      Consider switching to brown bread and rice.

•      Try cycling to work.

Example

Yantia  : Dinda, why you don’t use a mask, wheather is not healty now becuase the fumes.

Dinda   : Yeah, I Fell also,the fumes is really disturb me.

Yantia  : Don’t worry, I think you’d better use this, for your healty.

Dinda   : Yeah, thanks a lot Yantia.

Ade      : I’m so confuse Tyas,I don’t know what of the gift for my Boyfriend , tomorrow is his birthday and the gift isn’t ready.

Tyas     : Oh.. I’ve online shop that very good about gift, here it’s

Ade      : Wooow it’s very cool

Tyas     : I think you should buy tshirt because this tshirt really cool and cheap !

Ade      : Thank you for idea Tyas

REPORT TEXT

DEFINITION:

Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is.

It is as a result of systematic observation and analysis.

PURPOSE OF SOCIAL :

It’s social purpose is presenting information about something. They generally describe an entire class of things, whether natural or made :: mammals, the planets, rocks, plants, countries of region, culture, transportation, and so on.

The Differences between Report Text and Descriptive Text :

Text report or the report text has the form
similar to the descriptive text. The most fundamental difference in the second type of text is as follows.
- Report Text describes the form, characteristics or properties of objects, animals, plants, people or events in general (general).
- Descriptive Text describes the form, characteristics or properties of objects, animals, plants, people or events in particular (specific).

Example of Report Text :

Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma in itself is one of the deadliest diseases ever to have beendiscovered by mankind. (General Classification)

Medically, Mesothelioma as a word itself means a tumor that is more likely to transform in a fast proliferating cancer which affects the mesothelial cells of an organ, which form the protective thin covering over the organs like heart, lungs and abdomen. Whatever is the verbal definition given out to this deadly disease, but those can never for sure weigh the deadliness of this fatal disease. It is an absolutely fatal disease which has taken many a people into its deadly grip. The maximum period of survival after the disease has been diagnosed, has come to the most of a year or two. It is worse form of cancer which is not curable. However, recent studies have suggested that if the disease can be diagnosed at a very early stage then the life of the individual who gets affected by this deadly disease, can be stretched till at the most of 5 years. (Description)

ASKING AND GIVING OPINION

Standard Competency   :
Expressing the meaning within the formal and sustained transactional and interpersonal in the context of daily life.

Basic Competency           :
Responding and expressing the meaning within the formal and sustained transactional (to get things done) and interpersonal (get sociable) by using spoken languages accurately and fluently in the daily life context, involving the acts of asking for and giving opinion.

Indicators                            :
1.  Identifying the meaning of the expressions used.

2. Using the expressions of asking for opinion in the conversation

3. Using expression of responding of giving opinion in the conversation

Definition Of Asking for And Giving opinion :
To describes how we are to ask the opinions of others and how we provide opinions to others

Asking Opinion:

n  What’s your view?

n  What’s your opinion?

n  What do youfeel?

n  What do you think?

n  What about………………..?
What aboutyour physic home work?

n  How do you feel about…………..?
How do you feel aboutmetamorphosis?

n  What is your reaction to………….?What is your reaction tothis experiment?

n  Do you have any opinion on……..?
Do you have any opinion oncell function?

n  Don’t you think……..?(very polite) Don’t you think……..?(very polite)

n  What do you think about………..?
What do you think aboutperiodic table of elements?

n  What are you feeling about………?
What are you feeling aboutorganizational level of the cell?

Giving Opinion :

• Well, I think ...
  Well, I think this very nice. ( pendapat setuju )
  Well, I think it’s less precise.
  ( pendapat kurang setuju )

• In my opinion I think ... 
  In my opinion, I think this project success. ( pendapat setuju )
  In my opinion I think this project fail.
  ( pendapat kurang setuju )

• I feel that we should ...
  I feel that we should improve all.
  ( pendapat setuju )
  I feel that we should not improve all.
  ( pendapat kurang setuju )

• My reaction is that we should ..
  My reaction is that we should repeated observations. ( pendapat setuju )
  My reaction is that we should not repeated observations. ( pendapat kurang setuju )

• May I make a comment on that? 

Other Examples Dialogue :
Those dialogue expressions are used to askforopinions and giving opinion.

A: What do you think of this refrigerator?
B: I think this refrigerator very big andgood.
C: I think this refrigerator small and ugly.
A: Ok, thank for your opinion.

ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

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DEFINITION

An adjective clause is simply a group of words with a subject and a verb that provide a description. The clause starts with a pronoun such as who, whom, that, or which or an adverb such as when, where and why.

An adjective clause is a dependent clause that modifies a noun.  It is possible to combine the following two sentences to form one sentence containing an adjective clause: 

       

The children are going to visit the museum.
They are on the bus.

The children who are on the bus are going to visit the museum.
                   | adjective clause |

In the sentence above, there are two other ways to write the sentence correctly using the second sentence as the adjective clause. 

•        The children that are on the bus are going to visit the museum.

•        The children       on the bus       are going to visit the museum.

EXAMPLE:

Who	This morning he fought with a little guy who was his best friend.
Which	The fire which broke out in the warehouse swept through the factories.
When	Grandpa remembers the old days when there was no television.
Where	The place where he flies his kites is very quiet.
Whom	She is the only cousin whom I enjoy talking to.
That	The package that arrived this morning is on the desk.

The main relative pronouns:

Pronoun	Use	Examples
Who	Used for humans in subject position	Hans, who is an architect, lives in Berlin.
Whom	Used for humans in object position	Marike, whom Hans knows well, is an interior decorator.
Which	Used for things and animals in subject or object position	Marike has a dog which follows her everywhere.
That	used for humans, animals and things, in subject or object position (but see below)	Marike is decorating a house that Hans designed.